Mean State

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Growing Season Net Flux [Pg]
Season Begin [d]
Season End [d]
Season Max [d]
Season Score [1]
Net Flux Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 5.88 117. 250. 190.
bcc-csm1-1 [-] 7.57 91.0 249. 170. 0.739 0.750 0.745
BCC-CSM2-MR [-] 3.77 75.0 190. 144. 0.178 0.699 0.438
CanESM2 [-] 2.77 129. 299. 256. 0.294 0.589 0.442
CanESM5 [-] 6.42 149. 275. 210. 0.572 0.912 0.742
CESM1-BGC [-] 4.12 96.0 278. 163. 0.578 0.742 0.660
CESM2 [-] 6.56 106. 253. 170. 0.811 0.891 0.851
GFDL-ESM2G [-] 17.3 115. 356. 173. 0.306 0.144 0.225
GFDL-ESM4 [-] 14.4 85.0 281. 178. 0.583 0.233 0.408
IPSL-CM5A-LR [-] 12.0 120. 274. 183. 0.811 0.354 0.583
IPSL-CM6A-LR [-] 6.67 117. 274. 184. 0.833 0.874 0.854
MeanCMIP5 [-] 9.39 111. 279. 177. 0.733 0.551 0.642
MeanCMIP6 [-] 6.01 102. 261. 175. 0.772 0.978 0.875
MIROC-ESM [-] 8.72 118. 262. 178. 0.861 0.617 0.739
MIROC-ESM2L [-] 8.59 83.0 261. 167. 0.622 0.631 0.627
MPI-ESM-LR [-] 11.8 106. 266. 182. 0.806 0.367 0.586
NorESM1-ME [-] 4.40 103. 278. 163. 0.617 0.777 0.697
NorESM2-LM [-] 6.32 104. 253. 171. 0.806 0.928 0.867
UK-HadGEM2-ES [-] 6.16 115. 277. 174. 0.750 0.954 0.852
UKESM1-0-LL [-] 5.86 94.0 277. 168. 0.600 0.996 0.798

Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
bcc-csm1-1
Data not available
Data not available
BCC-CSM2-MR
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM2
Data not available
Data not available
CanESM5
Data not available
Data not available
CESM1-BGC
Data not available
Data not available
CESM2
Data not available
Data not available
GFDL-ESM2G
Data not available
Data not available
GFDL-ESM4
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM5A-LR
Data not available
Data not available
IPSL-CM6A-LR
Data not available
Data not available
MeanCMIP5
Data not available
Data not available
MeanCMIP6
Data not available
Data not available
MIROC-ESM
Data not available
Data not available
MIROC-ESM2L
Data not available
Data not available
MPI-ESM-LR
Data not available
Data not available
NorESM1-ME
Data not available
Data not available
NorESM2-LM
Data not available
Data not available
UK-HadGEM2-ES
Data not available
Data not available
UKESM1-0-LL
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
Northern Hemisphere Growing Season Net Carbon Flux

  Versions:
1

  Institutions:
University of Michigan

  Source:
Aircraft observations (HIPPO-2, AToM-1) of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are used to infer the net flux of the northern extratropical growing season net flux.

  History:
2023-05-03: received emailed file, HIPTOM_Flux_estimate.csv
2023-05-04: converted to netCDF

  References:
Morgan Loechli, Britton B. Stephens, Roisin Commane, Frédéric Chevallier, Kathryn McKain, Ralph F. Keeling, Eric J. Morgan, Prabir K. Patra, Maryann R. Sargent, Colm Sweeney, Gretchen Keppel-Aleks (2023), Evaluating Northern Hemisphere Growing Season Net Carbon Flux in Climate Models Using Aircraft Observations, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2, doi:10.1029/2022GB007520